Running Title: LV diastolic function and CAD severity

Document Type : Review Article

Authors

1 Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

2 Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

3 Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

4 Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

5 Colorectal Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

6 Autophagy Research Center, Department of Biochemistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

Abstract

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic threatened public health globally. Some patients who recover from the initial infection develop persistent symptoms and organ dysfunction for weeks or even months, called long COVID. Among multiple COVID-19-related complications, individuals may suffer from intrahepatic and extrahepatic complications principally mediated by ACE2 receptors. We reviewed PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science manuscripts on underlying COVID-19-linked clinical relevance and potential pathogenesis of liver complications during short and long COVID with no time limitation. Liver impairment needs a large-scale and persistent follow-up as it may be multifactorial. During COVID-19, physicians must assess whether hepatopathy is associated with hepatic disorders, medications utilized for COVID-19 therapy, or viral antigenic outcomes progression to a complicated course. In the context of COVID-19, physicians report that potential pathophysiological approaches to hepatic failure in critical patients could lead to deep vein thrombosis, myocardial infarction, venous thromboembolism, and acute kidney injury. These complications might be either reversible or irreversible, with extended manifestations that mostly occur due to long COVID in the post-COVID era. Moreover, pre-existing cardiovascular and digestive tract problems correlate with adverse clinical outcomes and the highest fatality rate. Potential drug-disease interactions adversely influencing COVID-19 subjects and persistent comorbidities must also be considered. Besides the upshot of exiting hepatic-associated comorbidities, the effect of non-fatal and endothelial liver lesions on outcomes of COVID-19 patients remains elusive and must be investigated further. Measures to protect against hepatic toxicity should be considered when managing COVID-19 patients. 

Keywords

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Iranian Journal of Colorectal Research
Volume 11, Issue 1
March 2023
Pages 1-14

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