Novel Molecular Prognostic and Diagnostic Techniques in Colorectal Cancer

Document Type : Review Article

Authors

1 Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

2 Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

3 Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

4 Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology Division, and Cancer Center, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC, USA

5 Department of Pathology, Gastroenterology Division, and Cancer Center, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC, USA

6 Department of Pathology, Unii Lubelskiej 1, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-344 Szczecin, Poland

7 Autophagy Research Center, Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prominent cause of malignancy-associated death worldwide. This disease is predominantly symptomless as it advances to the highest stages, meaning that screening schemes aimed at early diagnosis are required to lower the prevalence and fatality rate. We aimed to review the literature on different molecular procedures for detecting stool-based biomarkers of CRC. 
We reviewed papers from Google Scholar and PubMed on different molecular procedures for detecting stool-based biomarkers of CRC with no time limitation. 
An integrative framework of all epigenetic and genetic modifications was studied, representing more acceptable specificity and sensitivity for the diagnosis, treatment, and drug response/outcome evaluation of CRC compared to other traditional procedures. Differential expression analysis of stool-derived RNA (sRNA) and stool DNA (sDNA) testing for ultrasensitive mutations, methylation, and fragmentation patterns can lead to an accurate, early-stage diagnosis and a better prognosis for CRC patients.

Keywords

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Iranian Journal of Colorectal Research
Volume 10, Issue 4
December 2022
Pages 130-142

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