@article { author = {Ruiz-Tovar, Jaime}, title = {Principles of Minimally Invasive Surgery for Colorectal Cancer, A Mini Review Article}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Colorectal Research}, volume = {7}, number = {2}, pages = {1-4}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2783-2430}, eissn = {2783-2430}, doi = {}, abstract = {For most patients with colorectal cancer, laparoscopic surgery is considered the gold-standard approach as it features the advantages of minimally invasive surgery and is as oncologically safe as the conventional approach. However, during the past decades,there has been major controversy about the indications and feasibility of the laparoscopic approach for patients with colorectal neoplasm. In this paper, we review the evolution of laparoscopy in the treatment of colorectal cancer.}, keywords = {Colorectal cancer,Laparoscopy,Minimally Invasive Approach}, url = {https://colorectalresearch.sums.ac.ir/article_46308.html}, eprint = {https://colorectalresearch.sums.ac.ir/article_46308_7c35c4370e0f973c0bcf42030b9c7f0f.pdf} } @article { author = {Dehghanian, Fariba and Azhir, Zahra and Akbari, Atefeh and Hojati, Zohreh}, title = {New Insights into the Roles of Yes-Associated Protein (YAP1) in Colorectal Cancer Development and Progression}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Colorectal Research}, volume = {7}, number = {2}, pages = {1-7}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2783-2430}, eissn = {2783-2430}, doi = {}, abstract = {Yes-associated protein (YAP1), the downstream effector of the Hippo pathway, plays important roles in the regulation of tissue reconstruction,stem cell proliferation, and development of different cancers. The regulation of YAP1 phosphorylation, YAP1 expressionlevel, and its cellular localization have been considered in cancer development. There are different experimental evidences thatindicate that YAP1 activation results in tumorigenesis, tumor progression, and metastasis. YAP1 is a transcription co-activator, andits dysregulation has been suggested in various cancers including colorectal cancer (CRC). The localization of YAP1 in the nucleusresults in YAP1 interactions with different transcription factors to promote the expression of genes involved in cell proliferation,metastasis, and stem cell maintenance. However, a number of studies have been reported the tumor suppressor role of YAP1 in CRC.Therefore, a better understanding of the YAP1 regulation could be helpful for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of CRC. In thisreview, we will discuss different roles of YAP1 in CRC progression through the regulatory roles of long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs),microRNAs (miRNAs) and circular RNAs (CircRNAs) in YAP1 regulation.}, keywords = {YAP1,Colorectal cancer,Hippo Pathway,LncRNAs,miRNAs,circRNAs}, url = {https://colorectalresearch.sums.ac.ir/article_46321.html}, eprint = {https://colorectalresearch.sums.ac.ir/article_46321_d957ae169c6ca8bd80619084f1ba2e78.pdf} } @article { author = {Guy Aristide, Bang and Blondel, Nana and Eric Patrick, Savom and Moto Georges, Bwelle and Georges, Essomba}, title = {Feasibility and Outcome of Laparoscopic Approach for Acute Generalized Peritonitis in Africa: Single Low-Center Results After 25 Consecutive Cases in Cameroon}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Colorectal Research}, volume = {7}, number = {2}, pages = {1-7}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2783-2430}, eissn = {2783-2430}, doi = {10.5812/acr.90905.}, abstract = {surgery is associated with lower morbidity and mortality. However, the laparoscopic approach to the management of peritonitis remains marginalized in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) due to financial and technical limitations.Methods: We conducted a seven-year prospective study on patients with acute generalized peritonitis in Yaoundé, Cameroon. Inclusion criteria were an age range of between 5 to 55 years, admission within 48 hours after the onset of symptoms, hemodynamic stability, and no major comorbidities. Excluded from this study were patients with colonic perforation, prior history of abdominal surgery, or primary and localized peritonitis after proper resuscitation. The patients included were managed via laparoscopy; operative and postoperative data were collected and analyzed. Some technical artifices were used to circumvent the lack of standardequipment. Results: The study involved twenty-five patients with a mean age of 32.1 years. The etiology of peritonitis was identified as appendicitis in 20 cases, perforated duodenal ulcer in 2 cases, gastric ulcer perforation in 2 cases, and jejunal perforation in 1 case. In two cases (8%), the operation was onverted to laparotomy. The postoperative course was uneventful in 21 cases (84%), whereas morbidity was seen in 4 cases (16%); no mortality was recorded. The mean length of hospital stay was 5.5 days.Conclusions: This study demonstrates that the laparoscopic management of acute generalized peritonitis in African LMICs is afeasible, safe, and effective surgical option in properly selected patients.}, keywords = {Acute Generalized Peritonitis,Laparoscopy,Africa,Morbidity,Low and Middle-Income Country}, url = {https://colorectalresearch.sums.ac.ir/article_46309.html}, eprint = {https://colorectalresearch.sums.ac.ir/article_46309_d55b671db829c2ea0449d264189858d1.pdf} } @article { author = {J Varas Lorenzo, Modesto and Munoz Agel, Fernando and Abad Belando, Ramon and Mengual, Elena}, title = {Prevalence of Neuroendocrine Tumors in the Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Systems}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Colorectal Research}, volume = {7}, number = {2}, pages = {1-7}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2783-2430}, eissn = {2783-2430}, doi = {10.5812/acr.88004.}, abstract = {Background: Carcinoid tumors are the most common neuroendocrine tumors. In recent years, these tumors have had an increasein incidence, which is probably due to a higher number of them being incidentally found as a result of the rise of preventivemedicine.Objectives: This study aimed to analyze a series of digestive carcinoid tumors detected by conventional endoscopy and/or echoendoscopyto evaluate the prevalence of those located in the colon and rectum, and subsequently make a comparison with data availablein the literature.Methods: In this retrospective, multicenter study (two centers), the clinical records of 100 white patients with more than 100 digestivecarcinoid tumors (some multiple) diagnosed from 1994 to 2018 were reviewed.Results: The mean age of presentation was 52 years and 57% of the patients were men. The mean tumor size was 10 mm. The localizationof the tumors was: stomach 43% (n = 43); duodenum 5% (n = 5); intestine 8% (n = 8); appendix 14% (n = 14); colon 4% (n = 4);rectum 19% (n = 19); pancreas 3% (n = 3); liver 2% (n = 2); gallbladder 1% (n = 1); primary tumor of unknown origin 1% (n = 1). Mostmultifocal tumors were in the stomach (20%; n = 20), followed by the duodenum (1%; n = 1) and intestine (1%; n = 1). Metastases andcarcinoid syndrome were observed in 6% and 5% of the cases, respectively. General survival at the closure of the study was 80%.Conclusions: Age and sex were similar to those described in the literature, while the colon and rectum represented 23% of all carcinoidtumors. There was a predominance of gastroduodenal and rectal carcinoid tumors, probably because the series analyzedwas essentially endoscopic. In comparison with the literature, less cases of metastases or carcinoid syndrome were recorded andsurvival was greater, perhaps due to earlier diagnosis and treatment.}, keywords = {Carcinoid Tumors,Neuroendocrine Tumor,Carcinoid Syndrome,Colon,Rectum,Gastrointestinal System,Hepatobiliary System}, url = {https://colorectalresearch.sums.ac.ir/article_46322.html}, eprint = {https://colorectalresearch.sums.ac.ir/article_46322_6c26971273bdc67c6b06fb98eb3522a2.pdf} } @article { author = {Shelomi, Matan}, title = {Carausius morosus(Phasmatodea) Homologues of Human Genes withElevated Expression in the Colon}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Colorectal Research}, volume = {7}, number = {2}, pages = {1-4}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2783-2430}, eissn = {2783-2430}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: Preliminary testing of novel drugs for colorectal conditions must be performed on animal models, with invertebratemodels desirable for practical reasons. The insect excretory organs, the Malpighian tubules, have been cited as models for humanrenal disease research because they differentially express several genes homologous to those differentially expressed in humankidneys. Their role in excretion and homeostasis suggests that they could be models for human colorectal disease. The insect Carausiusmorosus (Phasmatodea) has been a model organism for decades. Regarding its potential use as a colorectal disease model,it has an advantage over other insects in that excretion in Phasmatodea is split between two organs: Malpighian tubules and thePhasmatodea-specific “appendices of the midgut”.Objectives: To find homologues of human colon genes expressed in the excretory tissues of C. morosus for potential use in drugtesting and other experiments requiring an animal model.Methods: Pre-existing transcriptomics data for the excretory system of the C. morosus were examined to find genes homologous tothose known to have elevated expression in the human colon. This was done with the goal of possibly determining the excretorytissues in which they are differentially expressed.Results: Exactly sixty transcripts from the excretory system transcriptome of C. morosus showed high sequence homology withhuman colon-specific genes, with a minimum e-value of 1e-50. Examples include solute carriers, myosin, bestrophin, carbonic anhydrase,and nitric oxide synthase. Several genes were identified with prognostic value for renal, pancreatic, endometrial, liver, skin,and urothelial cancers.Conclusions: C. morosus can be used as model insect for human medical research applications, including colorectal drug testing.}, keywords = {Transcriptomics,Colon,Protein,Carausius morosus,Model Organism}, url = {https://colorectalresearch.sums.ac.ir/article_46323.html}, eprint = {https://colorectalresearch.sums.ac.ir/article_46323_d7218bfcdef3673c414b8a41ae9e0050.pdf} } @article { author = {Cantarella, Francesco and Magni, Enrico}, title = {Short-Term Outcomes of Rectal Mucosa Sleeve Resection and Transverse Perineal Support Operation for Occult Rectal Prolapse, Rectocele and Descending Perineum: A Single Center and Single Team Experience}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Colorectal Research}, volume = {7}, number = {2}, pages = {1-5}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2783-2430}, eissn = {2783-2430}, doi = {10.5812/acr.89956.}, abstract = {Occult rectal prolapse is a pathological condition that mainly affects women and is frequently associated with obstructed defecation.Numerous surgical procedures have been advocated for treating patients with obstructed defecation. In this study, we performeda retrospective analysis of the short-term surgical outcomes of combining internal mucosal resection with transverse perinealsupport in a single center with expertise in anorectal surgery. Resolution in obstruction symptoms was achieved with lowmorbidity. The use of sleeve resection of the rectal mucosa is a well-known and established procedure for occult rectal prolapse inobstructed defecation syndrome patients. Transverse perineal support operation has been recently adopted to correct defects ofthe perineum. In our preliminary experience, we report a combination in surgical techniques never described in the literature. Ourpreliminary results suggest that the technique is feasible, safe and reproducible. More patients and longer follow-up are requiredto be able to draw stronger conclusions.}, keywords = {Rectal Prolapse,Outlet Obstruction,Delorme’s Procedure,Mesh Perineal Support}, url = {https://colorectalresearch.sums.ac.ir/article_46324.html}, eprint = {https://colorectalresearch.sums.ac.ir/article_46324_c6802fb372412321e34bf3533a0358e3.pdf} } @article { author = {Tanoglu, Alpaslan and Tekin, Omer and Duzenli, Tolga and Kara, Muammer and Kaplan, Mustafa and Kucuk, Irfan and Ozari, Onur and Yazgan, Yusuf}, title = {A Diagnostic Conundrum in a Newly Diagnosed Ulcerative Colitis Patient Who Presented with Pleuropericardial Effusion}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Colorectal Research}, volume = {7}, number = {2}, pages = {1-4}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2783-2430}, eissn = {2783-2430}, doi = {}, abstract = {Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting mainly the colon and presenting with diarrhea, bloody defecation andabdominal pain. Although cardiac and/or pulmonary involvement has been reported in patients with ulcerative colitis, it rarelyinvolves both the pleura and pericardium at the same time. Also, it is difficult to determine whether pulmonary or cardiac diseaseis secondary to the ulcerative colitis drugs or to the underlying disease process. Here we present a rare case of pleuropericardialeffusion in a patient newly diagnosed with ulcerative colitis. In ulcerative colitis, the simultaneous involvement of the respiratoryand cardiovascular systems is uncommon yet potentially dangerous.}, keywords = {Pleuropericardial Effusion,Ulcerative colitis,Mesalazine}, url = {https://colorectalresearch.sums.ac.ir/article_46325.html}, eprint = {https://colorectalresearch.sums.ac.ir/article_46325_78ad1cd5c48c32e4b7b78d3c95909f7b.pdf} } @article { author = {Wiwanitkit, Viroj}, title = {Zika Virus Infection and Colorectal Involvement}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Colorectal Research}, volume = {7}, number = {2}, pages = {1-1}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2783-2430}, eissn = {2783-2430}, doi = {10.5812/acr.93108.}, abstract = {In medicine, the clinical spectrum of vector-borne dis-eases is an important issue. In particular, the colorectal in-volvement of these diseases has attracted much interest.In a previous publication, the interrelationship betweenthe dengue virus and colorectal disease was explored (1). Inthe present article, the author would like to highlight theimportance of investigating the relationship between Zikavirus infection and colorectal disease.Zika virus disease is an emerging vector-borne diseasepresently considered as a significant public health prob-lem. As a new disease, further clinical research on thiscondition is still required. To the best of our knowledge,the colorectal presentation of Zika virus infection is yet tobe reported. Nevertheless, it has already been ascertainedthat the Zika virus can infect the colorectal mucosa (2). Ina recent report by Li et al. the Zika virus was reported to beable to infect rectal mucosa, with this pathology being re-lated to the fecal shedding of the virus (2). The Zika viruscan also be detected using rectal swabs (3, 4); a recent re-port demonstrated that rectal swab samples led to positiveviral tests in 10% of patients infected with the Zika virus (4).Rectal infection with the Zika virus can explain the dis-ease transmission via homosexual contact, which is an im-portant mode of Zika virus infection (5). It can also im-ply the necessity for infection control during any medicalprocedure involving the colorectal area. Finally, it is an in-teresting research issue to follow up whether any clinicalproblems are caused by Zika virus infection at the colorec-tal mucosa}, keywords = {Zika,Colorectum,Infction}, url = {https://colorectalresearch.sums.ac.ir/article_46326.html}, eprint = {https://colorectalresearch.sums.ac.ir/article_46326_aab51a06fb2a8b4142fadca01af3b470.pdf} }