Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Colorectal Research
2783-2430
7
2
2019
06
01
Principles of Minimally Invasive Surgery for Colorectal Cancer, A Mini Review Article
1
4
EN
Jaime
Ruiz-Tovar
Department of Surgery, Universidad Alfonso X el Sabio, Madrid, Spain
jruiztovar@gmail.com
For most patients with colorectal cancer, laparoscopic surgery is considered the gold-standard approach as it features the advantages of minimally invasive surgery and is as oncologically safe as the conventional approach. However, during the past decades,there has been major controversy about the indications and feasibility of the laparoscopic approach for patients with colorectal neoplasm. In this paper, we review the evolution of laparoscopy in the treatment of colorectal cancer.
Colorectal cancer,Laparoscopy,Minimally Invasive Approach
https://colorectalresearch.sums.ac.ir/article_46308.html
https://colorectalresearch.sums.ac.ir/article_46308_7c35c4370e0f973c0bcf42030b9c7f0f.pdf
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Colorectal Research
2783-2430
7
2
2019
06
01
New Insights into the Roles of Yes-Associated Protein (YAP1) in Colorectal Cancer Development and Progression
1
7
EN
Fariba
Dehghanian
Division of Genetics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
Zahra
Azhir
Division of Genetics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
Atefeh
Akbari
Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
Zohreh
Hojati
Division of Genetics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
Yes-associated protein (YAP1), the downstream effector of the Hippo pathway, plays important roles in the regulation of tissue reconstruction,<br />stem cell proliferation, and development of different cancers. The regulation of YAP1 phosphorylation, YAP1 expression<br />level, and its cellular localization have been considered in cancer development. There are different experimental evidences that<br />indicate that YAP1 activation results in tumorigenesis, tumor progression, and metastasis. YAP1 is a transcription co-activator, and<br />its dysregulation has been suggested in various cancers including colorectal cancer (CRC). The localization of YAP1 in the nucleus<br />results in YAP1 interactions with different transcription factors to promote the expression of genes involved in cell proliferation,<br />metastasis, and stem cell maintenance. However, a number of studies have been reported the tumor suppressor role of YAP1 in CRC.<br />Therefore, a better understanding of the YAP1 regulation could be helpful for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of CRC. In this<br />review, we will discuss different roles of YAP1 in CRC progression through the regulatory roles of long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs),<br />microRNAs (miRNAs) and circular RNAs (CircRNAs) in YAP1 regulation.
YAP1,Colorectal cancer,Hippo Pathway,LncRNAs,miRNAs,circRNAs
https://colorectalresearch.sums.ac.ir/article_46321.html
https://colorectalresearch.sums.ac.ir/article_46321_d957ae169c6ca8bd80619084f1ba2e78.pdf
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Colorectal Research
2783-2430
7
2
2019
06
01
Feasibility and Outcome of Laparoscopic Approach for Acute Generalized Peritonitis in Africa: Single Low-Center Results After 25 Consecutive Cases in Cameroon
1
7
EN
Bang
Guy Aristide
0000-0002-9876-2016
Visceral and Laparoscopic Department, National Social Insurance Health Center of Yaounde, Yaounde, Cameroon
guyaristidebang@yahoo.fr
Nana
Oumarou
Blondel
Visceral and Laparoscopic Unit, National Social Insurance Fund Health Center of Essos, Yaounde, Cameroon
Savom
Eric Patrick
Visceral and Laparoscopic Department, National Social Insurance Health Center of Yaounde, Yaounde, Cameroon
Bwelle
Moto Georges
Department of Surgery and Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of the University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
Essomba
Arthur
Georges
Department of Surgery and Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of the University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
10.5812/acr.90905.
surgery is associated with lower morbidity and mortality. However, the laparoscopic approach to the management of peritonitis remains marginalized in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) due to financial and technical limitations.<br />Methods: We conducted a seven-year prospective study on patients with acute generalized peritonitis in Yaoundé, Cameroon. Inclusion criteria were an age range of between 5 to 55 years, admission within 48 hours after the onset of symptoms, hemodynamic stability, and no major comorbidities. Excluded from this study were patients with colonic perforation, prior history of abdominal surgery, or primary and localized peritonitis after proper resuscitation. The patients included were managed via laparoscopy; operative and postoperative data were collected and analyzed. Some technical artifices were used to circumvent the lack of standard<br />equipment.<br /> Results: The study involved twenty-five patients with a mean age of 32.1 years. The etiology of peritonitis was identified as appendicitis in 20 cases, perforated duodenal ulcer in 2 cases, gastric ulcer perforation in 2 cases, and jejunal perforation in 1 case. In two cases (8%), the operation was onverted to laparotomy. The postoperative course was uneventful in 21 cases (84%), whereas morbidity was seen in 4 cases (16%); no mortality was recorded. The mean length of hospital stay was 5.5 days.<br />Conclusions: This study demonstrates that the laparoscopic management of acute generalized peritonitis in African LMICs is afeasible, safe, and effective surgical option in properly selected patients.
Acute Generalized Peritonitis,Laparoscopy,Africa,Morbidity,Low and Middle-Income Country
https://colorectalresearch.sums.ac.ir/article_46309.html
https://colorectalresearch.sums.ac.ir/article_46309_d55b671db829c2ea0449d264189858d1.pdf
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Colorectal Research
2783-2430
7
2
2019
06
01
Prevalence of Neuroendocrine Tumors in the Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Systems
1
7
EN
Modesto
J Varas Lorenzo
Echoendoscopy Unit and Department of Gastroenterology, Teknon Medical Center, Barcelona, Spain
Fernando
Munoz Agel
Echoendoscopy Unit and Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Sanitas CIMA, Barcelona, Spain
Ramon
Abad Belando
Echoendoscopy Unit and Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Sanitas CIMA, Barcelona, Spain
Elena
Sanchez-Vizcaino
Mengual
PMO, i2e3 Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
10.5812/acr.88004.
Background: Carcinoid tumors are the most common neuroendocrine tumors. In recent years, these tumors have had an increase<br />in incidence, which is probably due to a higher number of them being incidentally found as a result of the rise of preventive<br />medicine.<br />Objectives: This study aimed to analyze a series of digestive carcinoid tumors detected by conventional endoscopy and/or echoendoscopy<br />to evaluate the prevalence of those located in the colon and rectum, and subsequently make a comparison with data available<br />in the literature.<br />Methods: In this retrospective, multicenter study (two centers), the clinical records of 100 white patients with more than 100 digestive<br />carcinoid tumors (some multiple) diagnosed from 1994 to 2018 were reviewed.<br />Results: The mean age of presentation was 52 years and 57% of the patients were men. The mean tumor size was 10 mm. The localization<br />of the tumors was: stomach 43% (n = 43); duodenum 5% (n = 5); intestine 8% (n = 8); appendix 14% (n = 14); colon 4% (n = 4);<br />rectum 19% (n = 19); pancreas 3% (n = 3); liver 2% (n = 2); gallbladder 1% (n = 1); primary tumor of unknown origin 1% (n = 1). Most<br />multifocal tumors were in the stomach (20%; n = 20), followed by the duodenum (1%; n = 1) and intestine (1%; n = 1). Metastases and<br />carcinoid syndrome were observed in 6% and 5% of the cases, respectively. General survival at the closure of the study was 80%.<br />Conclusions: Age and sex were similar to those described in the literature, while the colon and rectum represented 23% of all carcinoid<br />tumors. There was a predominance of gastroduodenal and rectal carcinoid tumors, probably because the series analyzed<br />was essentially endoscopic. In comparison with the literature, less cases of metastases or carcinoid syndrome were recorded and<br />survival was greater, perhaps due to earlier diagnosis and treatment.
Carcinoid Tumors,Neuroendocrine Tumor,Carcinoid Syndrome,Colon,Rectum,Gastrointestinal System,Hepatobiliary System
https://colorectalresearch.sums.ac.ir/article_46322.html
https://colorectalresearch.sums.ac.ir/article_46322_6c26971273bdc67c6b06fb98eb3522a2.pdf
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Colorectal Research
2783-2430
7
2
2019
06
01
Carausius morosus(Phasmatodea) Homologues of Human Genes withElevated Expression in the Colon
1
4
EN
Matan
Shelomi
Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
Background: Preliminary testing of novel drugs for colorectal conditions must be performed on animal models, with invertebrate<br />models desirable for practical reasons. The insect excretory organs, the Malpighian tubules, have been cited as models for human<br />renal disease research because they differentially express several genes homologous to those differentially expressed in human<br />kidneys. Their role in excretion and homeostasis suggests that they could be models for human colorectal disease. The insect Carausius<br />morosus (Phasmatodea) has been a model organism for decades. Regarding its potential use as a colorectal disease model,<br />it has an advantage over other insects in that excretion in Phasmatodea is split between two organs: Malpighian tubules and the<br />Phasmatodea-specific “appendices of the midgut”.<br />Objectives: To find homologues of human colon genes expressed in the excretory tissues of C. morosus for potential use in drug<br />testing and other experiments requiring an animal model.<br />Methods: Pre-existing transcriptomics data for the excretory system of the C. morosus were examined to find genes homologous to<br />those known to have elevated expression in the human colon. This was done with the goal of possibly determining the excretory<br />tissues in which they are differentially expressed.<br />Results: Exactly sixty transcripts from the excretory system transcriptome of C. morosus showed high sequence homology with<br />human colon-specific genes, with a minimum e-value of 1e-50. Examples include solute carriers, myosin, bestrophin, carbonic anhydrase,<br />and nitric oxide synthase. Several genes were identified with prognostic value for renal, pancreatic, endometrial, liver, skin,<br />and urothelial cancers.<br />Conclusions: C. morosus can be used as model insect for human medical research applications, including colorectal drug testing.
Transcriptomics,Colon,Protein,Carausius morosus,Model Organism
https://colorectalresearch.sums.ac.ir/article_46323.html
https://colorectalresearch.sums.ac.ir/article_46323_d7218bfcdef3673c414b8a41ae9e0050.pdf
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Colorectal Research
2783-2430
7
2
2019
06
01
Short-Term Outcomes of Rectal Mucosa Sleeve Resection and Transverse Perineal Support Operation for Occult Rectal Prolapse, Rectocele and Descending Perineum: A Single Center and Single Team Experience
1
5
EN
Francesco
Cantarella
CPR - Centro Proctologico in Romagna, Forlì Private Hospital, Forlì, Italy
Enrico
Magni
CPR - Centro Proctologico in Romagna, Forlì Private Hospital, Forlì, Italy
10.5812/acr.89956.
Occult rectal prolapse is a pathological condition that mainly affects women and is frequently associated with obstructed defecation.<br />Numerous surgical procedures have been advocated for treating patients with obstructed defecation. In this study, we performed<br />a retrospective analysis of the short-term surgical outcomes of combining internal mucosal resection with transverse perineal<br />support in a single center with expertise in anorectal surgery. Resolution in obstruction symptoms was achieved with low<br />morbidity. The use of sleeve resection of the rectal mucosa is a well-known and established procedure for occult rectal prolapse in<br />obstructed defecation syndrome patients. Transverse perineal support operation has been recently adopted to correct defects of<br />the perineum. In our preliminary experience, we report a combination in surgical techniques never described in the literature. Our<br />preliminary results suggest that the technique is feasible, safe and reproducible. More patients and longer follow-up are required<br />to be able to draw stronger conclusions.
Rectal Prolapse,Outlet Obstruction,Delorme’s Procedure,Mesh Perineal Support
https://colorectalresearch.sums.ac.ir/article_46324.html
https://colorectalresearch.sums.ac.ir/article_46324_c6802fb372412321e34bf3533a0358e3.pdf
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Colorectal Research
2783-2430
7
2
2019
06
01
A Diagnostic Conundrum in a Newly Diagnosed Ulcerative Colitis Patient Who Presented with Pleuropericardial Effusion
1
4
EN
Alpaslan
Tanoglu
1Department of Gastroenterology, Sultan Abdulhamid Han Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University, Istanbul, Turkey
Omer
Tekin
Department of Internal Medicine, Sultan Abdulhamid Han Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University, Istanbul, Turkey
Tolga
Duzenli
Department of Gastroenterology, Sultan Abdulhamid Han Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University, Istanbul, Turkey
Muammer
Kara
Department of Gastroenterology, Sultan Abdulhamid Han Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University, Istanbul, Turkey
Mustafa
Kaplan
Department of Gastroenterology, Sultan Abdulhamid Han Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University, Istanbul, Turkey
Irfan
Kucuk
Department of Gastroenterology, Sultan Abdulhamid Han Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University, Istanbul, Turkey
Onur
Ozari
Department of Gastroenterology, Sultan Abdulhamid Han Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University, Istanbul, Turkey
Yusuf
Yazgan
Department of Gastroenterology, Sultan Abdulhamid Han Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University, Istanbul, Turkey
Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting mainly the colon and presenting with diarrhea, bloody defecation and<br />abdominal pain. Although cardiac and/or pulmonary involvement has been reported in patients with ulcerative colitis, it rarely<br />involves both the pleura and pericardium at the same time. Also, it is difficult to determine whether pulmonary or cardiac disease<br />is secondary to the ulcerative colitis drugs or to the underlying disease process. Here we present a rare case of pleuropericardial<br />effusion in a patient newly diagnosed with ulcerative colitis. In ulcerative colitis, the simultaneous involvement of the respiratory<br />and cardiovascular systems is uncommon yet potentially dangerous.
Pleuropericardial Effusion,Ulcerative colitis,Mesalazine
https://colorectalresearch.sums.ac.ir/article_46325.html
https://colorectalresearch.sums.ac.ir/article_46325_78ad1cd5c48c32e4b7b78d3c95909f7b.pdf
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Colorectal Research
2783-2430
7
2
2019
06
01
Zika Virus Infection and Colorectal Involvement
1
1
EN
Viroj
Wiwanitkit
Dr DY Patil University, Pune, India
10.5812/acr.93108.
<span dir="ltr" style="left: 11.7%; top: 35.78%; font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*8.77px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.01705);" role="presentation">In medicine, the clinical spectrum of vector-borne dis-</span><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 9.18%; top: 37.29%; font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*8.77px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.00217);" role="presentation">eases is an important issue. In particular, the colorectal in-</span><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 9.18%; top: 38.8%; font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*8.77px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.01567);" role="presentation">volvement of these diseases has attracted much interest.</span><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 9.18%; top: 40.32%; font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*8.77px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.0828);" role="presentation">In a previous publication, the interrelationship between</span><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 9.18%; top: 41.83%; font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*8.77px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.971171);" aria-owns="pdfjs_internal_id_9R">the dengue virus and colorectal disease was explored (1). In</span><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 9.18%; top: 43.34%; font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*8.77px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.06746);" role="presentation">the present article, the author would like to highlight the</span><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 9.18%; top: 44.85%; font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*8.77px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.0352);" role="presentation">importance of investigating the relationship between Zika</span><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 9.18%; top: 46.36%; font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*8.77px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.00588);" role="presentation">virus infection and colorectal disease.</span><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 11.7%; top: 47.88%; font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*8.77px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.985717);" role="presentation">Zika virus disease is an emerging vector-borne disease</span><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 9.18%; top: 49.39%; font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*8.77px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.04962);" role="presentation">presently considered as a significant public health prob-</span><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 9.18%; top: 50.9%; font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*8.77px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.01658);" role="presentation">lem.</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 12.06%; top: 50.9%; font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*8.77px); font-family: sans-serif;" role="presentation"> </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 13.16%; top: 50.9%; font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*8.77px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.04798);" role="presentation">As a new disease, further clinical research on this</span><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 9.18%; top: 52.41%; font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*8.77px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.0705);" role="presentation">condition is still required. To the best of our knowledge,</span><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 9.18%; top: 53.92%; font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*8.77px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.0352);" role="presentation">the colorectal presentation of Zika virus infection is yet to</span><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 9.18%; top: 55.43%; font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*8.77px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.999507);" role="presentation">be reported. Nevertheless, it has already been ascertained</span><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 9.18%; top: 56.95%; font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*8.77px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.02118);" aria-owns="pdfjs_internal_id_10R">that the Zika virus can infect the colorectal mucosa (2). In</span><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 9.18%; top: 58.46%; font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*8.77px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.996863);" role="presentation">a recent report by Li et al. the Zika virus was reported to be</span><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 9.18%; top: 59.97%; font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*8.77px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.02674);" role="presentation">able to infect rectal mucosa, with this pathology being re-</span><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 9.18%; top: 61.48%; font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*8.77px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.0352);" aria-owns="pdfjs_internal_id_11R">lated to the fecal shedding of the virus (2). The Zika virus</span><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 9.18%; top: 62.99%; font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*8.77px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.986425);" aria-owns="pdfjs_internal_id_12R pdfjs_internal_id_13R">can also be detected using rectal swabs (3, 4); a recent re-</span><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 9.18%; top: 64.51%; font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*8.77px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.996863);" role="presentation">port demonstrated that rectal swab samples led to positive</span><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 9.18%; top: 66.02%; font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*8.77px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.989014);" aria-owns="pdfjs_internal_id_14R">viral tests in 10% of patients infected with the Zika virus (4).</span><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 11.7%; top: 67.53%; font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*8.77px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.01121);" role="presentation">Rectal infection with the Zika virus can explain the dis-</span><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 9.18%; top: 69.04%; font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*8.77px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.983849);" aria-owns="pdfjs_internal_id_25R">ease transmission via homosexual contact, which is an im-</span><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 9.18%; top: 70.55%; font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*8.77px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.08245);" aria-owns="pdfjs_internal_id_15R">portant mode of Zika virus infection (5).</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 36.66%; top: 70.55%; font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*8.77px); font-family: sans-serif;" role="presentation"> </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 37.62%; top: 70.55%; font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*8.77px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.0519);" role="presentation">It can also im-</span><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 9.18%; top: 72.07%; font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*8.77px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.04381);" role="presentation">ply the necessity for infection control during any medical</span><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 9.18%; top: 73.58%; font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*8.77px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.02674);" role="presentation">procedure involving the colorectal area. Finally, it is an in-</span><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 50.17%; top: 34.09%; font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*8.77px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.03237);" role="presentation">teresting research issue to follow up whether any clinical</span><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 50.17%; top: 35.6%; font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*8.77px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.999507);" role="presentation">problems are caused by Zika virus infection at the colorec-</span><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 50.17%; top: 37.11%; font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*8.77px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.978812);" role="presentation">tal mucosa</span>
Zika,Colorectum,Infction
https://colorectalresearch.sums.ac.ir/article_46326.html
https://colorectalresearch.sums.ac.ir/article_46326_aab51a06fb2a8b4142fadca01af3b470.pdf